Mohammed Rafi is
to song what Naushad is to music. Where Naushad is Sangeet Samrat, Rafi is Geet Samrat. Mohammed Rafi's demise at the
age of 55 was perhaps the most traumatic happening , in the annals of Hindustani cine
sangeet since the passing of Kundal Lal Saigal in his prime. Not just the nation but the
subcontinent was stunned that D-Day is July 31st 1980. The world, in fact, was stunned ,
for Rafi's was a voice that in its range and popularity transcended all geographical
barriers. He lived in the minds and hearts of millions upon millions all over the globe.
Not far from Naushad bungalow is Rafi Villa - from where The Last Journey began. It was one of the wettest ever days in Bombay. Yet the stunned
thousands who drenched themselves in Rafi's Last Journey(on 31st July 1980) provided a
tuneful testimony to this singer's matchless equation with the common man. The
unprecedented crowds that followed his cortege, from the Jumma Masjid in the Bandra suburb
of mubai, provided a spot pointer to the unique niche that this Singer's Singer occupied in the mass
imagination. An even bigger crowd had gathered at the burial ground, their eyes misty in
the numbing knowledge that the Last journey was beginning to end.
Rafi had grown to be Number One
among India's popular male playback singers under the bountiful baton of Naushad. Baiju Bawra mounting the silver screen in
1952, had seen the Naushad-Rafi team reach its apogee.
Up to that point, Mohammed Rafi
was groping for a distinct vocal identity - the competition from Mukesh, Talat Mahmood,
Manna Dey and Hemant Kumar was intense. But Baiju Bawra saw thoroughbreds Naushad and Rafi just race clear of the field. Baiju Bawra in fact, became a landmark film
that witnessed Naushad give a healthy classical turn to Hindustani Cine Sangeet at a time
when it was being disturbingly invaded by alien modes. Baiju
Bawra as it won star status for Bharat Bhooshan in the title
role, also saw Naushad beginning a totally new dimension to Rafi's vocalizing- something
that set this supremely versatile singer on the pathway to capturing the classical
imagination of the masses like no male singer before him had done in the annals of Indian
Cinema.
Looking to this enviable line-up
in which the dua empathized so tellingly, would Rafi have been as evocative, as
expressive, as effective a singer sans the erudite baton of Naushad? Remember, Rafi was
still a fresher in that 1946 Anmol Ghadi in which he came to Naushad for his first solo recording with that
composer Tera Khilauna toota baalak. There was clearly gold in his throat. But someone initiated; someone
inventive and innovative, someone resourceful enough, with his hand on the public pulse,
was needed to tap that GOLD in
Rafi's thoat. And Naushad was predestined to be the
previleged one to sense the classical potential latent in Rafi's malleable voice.
Film music is as much a craft as
an art, Into the bare three minutes of a 70-rpm record those days, had to be compressed
the harmonied creativity of the composer and the singer a like. No less a composer than
S.D. Burman ackowledged that to score something catchy was simple enough, to bring a
classical tone to the tune, without in any way sacrificing its popular appeal, was an art
given to Naushad alone. And Mohd. Rafi had a vocal role to play in Naushad's being able to
so equate with the lay audience at a classical level. There were, on the scene, others
well versed in the classical idiom when Rafi came to Naushad. But there was, Naushad
divined, a classical tined soz in Rafi's vocals that could be moulded to yeild a fluidity of expression
that no other male singer commanded. This soz, this soulfulness, in Rafi's vocals came pre-eminently to the fore in the
composong custody of Naushad. Rafi's urdu diction, his intonation, his inflection, his
whole musical vision metamorphosed as Naushad set meticulouly to work on him. There was
really only one playback performer in Indian Cinema for naushad and that was Rafi.
The two together came up with the quality of sangeet they did because, musically, Naushad
and Rafi were made for each other. And in Rafi, Naushad discovered a performer whose
dedication and commitment to singing, as an art, matched his to composing, as an art form.
Could there be another Naushad?
Another Rafi? Certainly, never again are we going to get a classical combination like Naushad-Rafi in something so mainstream as
popular cinema. |
